Mockito @InjectMocks 注释允许我们在注释类被嘲笑的对象中注入嘲笑的依赖性。当我们在我们想要嘲笑的类中有外部依赖性时,这是有用的。
莫克托 @InjectMocks
Mockito试图用三种方法之一注射嘲笑的成瘾,按照规定的顺序。
- 基于制造商的注射 - 当有一个为该类定义的制造商时,Mockito 会尝试使用最大的制造商 2 基于设置的方法 - 当没有定义的制造商时,Mockito 会尝试使用 setter 方法注入依赖 3 基于场 - 如果没有制造商或基于场的注射是可能的,那么mockito 会尝试将依赖物注入到该领域本身
如果只有一个匹配的模仿对象,那么mockito会将其注入到对象中. 如果有多个同一类的模仿对象,那么模仿对象名称被用来注入依赖。
Mock @InjectMocks 例子
让我们创建一些服务和类与依赖性,这样我们就可以看到Mockito依赖性注射的笑话在行动。
1package com.journaldev.injectmocksservices;
2
3public interface Service {
4
5 public boolean send(String msg);
6}
1package com.journaldev.injectmocksservices;
2
3public class EmailService implements Service {
4
5 @Override
6 public boolean send(String msg) {
7 System.out.println("Sending email");
8 return true;
9 }
10
11}
1package com.journaldev.injectmocksservices;
2
3public class SMSService implements Service {
4
5 @Override
6 public boolean send(String msg) {
7 System.out.println("Sending SMS");
8 return true;
9 }
10}
应用服务类与依赖性
1package com.journaldev.injectmocksservices;
2
3//For Constructor Based @InjectMocks injection
4public class AppServices {
5
6 private EmailService emailService;
7 private SMSService smsService;
8
9 public AppServices(EmailService emailService, SMSService smsService) {
10 this.emailService = emailService;
11 this.smsService = smsService;
12 }
13
14 public boolean sendSMS(String msg) {
15 return smsService.send(msg);
16 }
17
18 public boolean sendEmail(String msg) {
19 return emailService.send(msg);
20 }
21}
1package com.journaldev.injectmocksservices;
2
3//For Property Setter Based @InjectMocks injection
4public class AppServices1 {
5
6 private EmailService emailService;
7 private SMSService smsService;
8
9 public void setEmailService(EmailService emailService) {
10 this.emailService = emailService;
11 }
12
13 public void setSmsService(SMSService smsService) {
14 this.smsService = smsService;
15 }
16
17 public boolean sendSMS(String msg) {
18 return smsService.send(msg);
19 }
20
21 public boolean sendEmail(String msg) {
22 return emailService.send(msg);
23 }
24
25}
1package com.journaldev.injectmocksservices;
2
3//For Field Based @InjectMocks injection
4public class AppServices2 {
5
6 private EmailService emailService;
7 private SMSService smsService;
8
9 public boolean sendSMS(String msg) {
10 return smsService.send(msg);
11 }
12
13 public boolean sendEmail(String msg) {
14 return emailService.send(msg);
15 }
16
17}
@InjectMocks 制造商注射示例
1package com.journaldev.mockito.injectmocks;
2
3import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
4import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
5
6import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
7import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
8import org.mockito.Mock;
9
10import com.journaldev.injectmocksservices.AppServices;
11import com.journaldev.injectmocksservices.AppServices1;
12import com.journaldev.injectmocksservices.AppServices2;
13import com.journaldev.injectmocksservices.EmailService;
14import com.journaldev.injectmocksservices.SMSService;
15
16class MockitoInjectMocksExamples extends BaseTestCase {
17
18 @Mock EmailService emailService;
19
20 @Mock SMSService smsService;
21
22 @InjectMocks AppServices appServicesConstructorInjectionMock;
23
24 @InjectMocks AppServices1 appServicesSetterInjectionMock;
25
26 @InjectMocks AppServices2 appServicesFieldInjectionMock;
27
28 @Test
29 void test_constructor_injection_mock() {
30 when(appServicesConstructorInjectionMock.sendEmail("Email")).thenReturn(true);
31 when(appServicesConstructorInjectionMock.sendSMS(anyString())).thenReturn(true);
32
33 assertTrue(appServicesConstructorInjectionMock.sendEmail("Email"));
34 assertFalse(appServicesConstructorInjectionMock.sendEmail("Unstubbed Email"));
35
36 assertTrue(appServicesConstructorInjectionMock.sendSMS("SMS"));
37
38 }
39}
您是否注意到我的测试类正在扩展BaseTestCase。这是在测试之前初始化Mockito笑话,这里是该类的代码。
1package com.journaldev.mockito.injectmocks;
2
3import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
4import org.mockito.MockitoAnnotations;
5
6class BaseTestCase {
7
8 @BeforeEach
9 void init_mocks() {
10 MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
11 }
12
13}
如果你不打电话MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(这);那么你会得到NullPointerException(/community/tutorials/java-lang-nullpointerexception)。同样,我正在使用 JUnit 5 来运行测试案例。如果你不熟悉它,请看看 JUnit 5 Tutorial。
@InjectMocks 注射方法示例
1@Test
2void test_setter_injection_mock() {
3 when(appServicesSetterInjectionMock.sendEmail("New Email")).thenReturn(true);
4 when(appServicesSetterInjectionMock.sendSMS(anyString())).thenReturn(true);
5
6 assertTrue(appServicesSetterInjectionMock.sendEmail("New Email"));
7 assertFalse(appServicesSetterInjectionMock.sendEmail("Unstubbed Email"));
8
9 assertTrue(appServicesSetterInjectionMock.sendSMS("SMS"));
10
11}
@InjectMocks 基于领域的注射示例
1@Test
2void test_field_injection_mock() {
3 when(appServicesFieldInjectionMock.sendEmail(anyString())).thenReturn(true);
4 when(appServicesFieldInjectionMock.sendSMS(anyString())).thenReturn(true);
5
6 assertTrue(appServicesFieldInjectionMock.sendEmail("Email"));
7 assertTrue(appServicesFieldInjectionMock.sendEmail("New Email"));
8
9 assertTrue(appServicesFieldInjectionMock.sendSMS("SMS"));
10
11}
您可以从我们的 GitHub 存储库查看完整的代码和更多 Mockito 示例。
引用: API Doc