Oracle9i新特点：SPFILE的使用
--How to backup and restore spfile and controlfile using autobackup option
Last Updated: Wednesday, 2004-10-27 0:40 Eygle
|
本文发表于itpub技术丛书《Oracle数据库DBA专题技术精粹》,未经许可,严禁转载本文.
原文出处:
http://www.eygle.com/faq/Oracle9i.New.Feature.Spfile.04.htm
六. SPFILE的备份与恢复
在本文开篇我们提到，Oracle把Spfile也纳入到Rman的备份恢复策略当中，如果你配置了控制文件自动备份(autoback)，那么Oracle会
在数据库发生重大变化(如增减表空间)时自动进行控制文件及Spfile文件的备份。
下面我们来看一下这个过程:
a. 设置控制文件自动备份:
|
> [oracle@jumper oracle]$ rman target /
>
> Recovery Manager: Release 9.2.0.3.0 - Production
>
> Copyright (c) 1995, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
>
> connected to target database: HSJF (DBID=1052178311)
>
> RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
>
> using target database controlfile instead of recovery catalog
> old RMAN configuration parameters:
> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF;
> new RMAN configuration parameters:
> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
> new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
>
> RMAN> exit
这个设置可以在数据库中通过如下方式查询得到:
>
>
>
> [oracle@jumper bdump]$ sqlplus "/ as sysdba"
>
> SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.3.0 - Production on Sat Jan 17 01:08:05 2004
>
> Copyright (c) 1982, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
>
>
> Connected to:
> Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.3.0 - Production
> With the Partitioning, OLAP and Oracle Data Mining options
> JServer Release 9.2.0.3.0 - Production
>
> SQL> select * from v$rman_configuration;
> CONF# NAME VALUE
> ---------- ------------------------- ----------
> 1 CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON
>
>
>
>
b. 记录数据库变化
>
>
>
> SQL> create tablespace eygle
> 2 datafile '/data1/oracle/oradata/eygle01.dbf'
> 3 size 5M;
>
> Tablespace created.
>
>
>
>
如果新创建一个表空间，这时候检查alert
1<sid>.log文件，你可以在其中发现这样的备份信息:
2
3
4>
5> Sat Jan 17 00:55:57 2004
6> > Starting control autobackup
7> > Control autobackup written to DISK device
8> > handle '/opt/oracle/product/9.2.0/dbs/c-1052178311-20040117-00'
9> > Completed: create tablespace eygle
10> > datafile '/data1/oracle/oradata/eygle01.dbf’
11>
12
13---
14
15如果使用rman进行备份，在提示中你可以看到如下信息:
16
17>
18>
19>
20> RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup on;
21>
22> old RMAN configuration parameters:
23> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF;
24> new RMAN configuration parameters:
25> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
26> new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
27>
28> RMAN> run
29> 2> {
30> 3> allocate channel ch1 type disk format='e:\oracle\orabak\penny%t.arc';
31> 4> backup archivelog all delete all input;
32> 5> release channel ch1;
33> 6> }
34>
35> allocated channel: ch1
36> channel ch1: sid=13 devtype=DISK
37>
38> Starting backup at 02-DEC-03
39> current log archived
40> channel ch1: starting archive log backupset
41> channel ch1: specifying archive log(s) in backup set
42> input archive log thread=1 sequence=63 recid=168 stamp=511712617
43> input archive log thread=1 sequence=64 recid=169 stamp=511712620
44> input archive log thread=1 sequence=65 recid=170 stamp=511712626
45> input archive log thread=1 sequence=66 recid=171 stamp=511712690
46> channel ch1: starting piece 1 at 02-DEC-03
47> channel ch1: finished piece 1 at 02-DEC-03
48> piece handle=E:\ORACLE\ORABAK\PENNY511712693.ARC comment=NONE
49> channel ch1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
50> channel ch1: deleting archive log(s)
51> archive log filename=E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\PENNY\ARCHIVE\1_63.DBF recid=168 stamp=511712617
52> archive log filename=E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\PENNY\ARCHIVE\1_64.DBF recid=169 stamp=511712620
53> archive log filename=E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\PENNY\ARCHIVE\1_65.DBF recid=170 stamp=511712626
54> archive log filename=E:\ORACLE\ORADATA\PENNY\ARCHIVE\1_66.DBF recid=171 stamp=511712690
55> Finished backup at 02-DEC-03
56>
57> Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 02-DEC-03
58> piece handle=E:\ORACLE\ORA92\DATABASE\C-3627775766-20031202-01 comment=NONE
59> Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 02-DEC-03
60>
61> released channel: ch1
62>
63>
64>
65>
66
67---
68
69我们简单看一下自动备份的控制文件及spfile文件的格式及命名规则:
70c-IIIIIIIIII-YYYYMMDD-QQ
71c ------------------------控制文件
72IIIIIIIIII---------DBID
73YYYYMMDD------------时间戳
74QQ----------------------序号00-FF，16进制表示
75
76c. 使用自动备份恢复spfile文件
77
78>
79>
80>
81> [oracle@jumper bdump]$ rman target /
82>
83> Recovery Manager: Release 9.2.0.3.0 - Production
84>
85> Copyright (c) 1995, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
86>
87> connected to target database: HSJF (DBID=1052178311)
88>
89> RMAN> restore spfile to '/tmp/spfileeygle.ora' from autobackup;
90>
91> Starting restore at 17-JAN-04
92>
93> using target database controlfile instead of recovery catalog
94> allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
95> channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=18 devtype=DISK
96> channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for autobackup on day: 20040117
97> channel ORA_DISK_1: autobackup found: c-1052178311-20040117-01
98> channel ORA_DISK_1: SPFILE restore from autobackup complete
99> Finished restore at 17-JAN-04
100>
101> RMAN> exit
102>
103>
104> Recovery Manager complete.
105> [oracle@jumper bdump]$ ls -l /tmp/spfileeygle.ora
106> -rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 3584 1月 17 09:34 /tmp/spfileeygle.ora
107>
108>
109>
110>
111
112---
113
114你同样可以通过这种方法恢复控制文件，示例如下:
115
116>
117>
118>
119> [oracle@jumper bdump]$ rman target /
120>
121> Recovery Manager: Release 9.2.0.3.0 - Production
122>
123> Copyright (c) 1995, 2002, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
124>
125> connected to target database: HSJF (DBID=1052178311)
126>
127> RMAN> **restore controlfile to '/tmp/control01.ctl' from autobackup;**
128>
129> Starting restore at 17-JAN-04
130>
131> using target database controlfile instead of recovery catalog
132> allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
133> channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=10 devtype=DISK
134> channel ORA_DISK_1: looking for autobackup on day: 20040117
135> channel ORA_DISK_1: autobackup found: c-1052178311-20040117-02
136> channel ORA_DISK_1: controlfile restore from autobackup complete
137> Finished restore at 17-JAN-04
138>
139> RMAN> exit
140>
141>
142> Recovery Manager complete.
143> [oracle@jumper bdump]$ ls -l /tmp/control*
144> -rw-r----- 1 oracle dba 1892352 1月 17 09:44 /tmp/control01.ctl
145>
146>
147>
148>
149
150---
151
152Oracle9i自动备份控制文件的功能给我们带来了极大的收益,通过自动备份,在数据库出现紧急状况的时候,你可能可以从这个自动备份中获得更
153为有效及时的控制文件.
154
155缺省的,这个自动备份功能是关闭的,你可以用我们上面提到的方法打开该功能.
156
157
158
159
160
161<<上一页 下一页>>
162
163本文作者:
164eygle,Oracle技术关注者,来自中国最大的Oracle技术论坛 itpub .
165www.eygle.com 是作者的个人站点.你可通过 [email protected] 来联系作者.欢迎技术探讨交流以及链接交换.
166
167* * *
168
169原文出处:
170
171http://www.eygle.com/faq/Oracle9i.New.Feature.Spfile.04.htm</sid>