oracle 10G 安装 for Linux86

Configuring Linux for the Installation of Oracle Database 10 g

Purpose

In this lesson, you learn how to configure Linux and prepare for the installation of Oracle Database 10 g .

Topics

This lesson covers the following topics:

	Overview
	Prerequisites
	Checking the Hardware Requirements
	Configuring the Kernel and Creating the oracle User

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Overview

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The lesson prepares the Linux operating system for the installation of Oracle Database 10 g .

Prerequisites

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Before starting this lesson, you should have:

** 1. ** |

Installed an Oracle Database 10 g certified version of Linux on a platform certified for that version of Linux. To see the latest certification information, use Metalink and select **Certify & Availability ** . You can also use OTN .

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Checking the Hardware Requirements

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The system on which you install Linux must meet the following requirements:

512 MB of physical random access memory (RAM)

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1 GB of swap space (or twice the size of RAM)

Swap space between one and two times the size of RAM (on systems with 2 GB or more of RAM)

400 MB of disk space in the /tmp directory

2.1 GB of disk space for the Oracle software and Sample Schema Database

Configuring the Kernel and Creating the oracle User

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To configure the system, follow these steps (written for Bourne, Korn, and bash shells):

** 1. ** |

Open a terminal window and log in as the ** root ** user.

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** 2. ** |

The following local UNIX groups and user must exist on the system:

Groups: oinstall and dba
User: oracle

Optionally, the oper group can be created.

Group: oper

We now create the three groups oinstall , dba , and oper :

**/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall
/usr/sbin/groupadd dba
/usr/sbin/groupadd oper**

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** 3. ** |

Create the operating system user oracle :

**/usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle**

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** 4. ** |

Enter the following command to set the password of the oracle user:

**/usr/bin/passwd oracle**

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** 5. ** |

With an editor of your choosing, open ** /home/oracle/.bash_profile ** . If you are using another shell, please add the entries to the appropriate file.

**umask 022

PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib:/usr/X11R6/lib 
        
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.1.0/db_1
ORACLE_SID=orcl
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH

export PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID**

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** 6. ** |

Create the directory for the software installation and assign ownership to oracle:oinstall . In the example, you use /u01/app/oracle .

**mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app
chmod -R 775 /u01/app**

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** 7. ** |

Set required kernel parameters:

Parameter                       Value
----------------------------    -----------------
kernel.semmsl                   250
kernel.semmns                   3200
kernel.semopm                   100
kernel.semmni                   128
kernel.shmall                   2097152
kernel.shmmax                   2147483648
kernel.shmmni                   4096
fs.file-max                     65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range    1024 65000

Open the /etc/sysctl.conf file in any text editor and add lines similar to the following:

**kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128  
 kernel.shmall = 2097152  
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648  
kernel.shmmni = 4096  
fs.file-max = 65536  
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000**

With specified values for these parameters in the /etc/sysctl.conf file, the values persist when you reboot the system.

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** 8. ** |

The kernel changes made previously take effect with each reboot.

Issue this command to set the kernel parameters:

**/sbin/sysctl -p**

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** 9. ** |

Log in as operating system user ** oracle ** . You must install the software from an X Window System workstation, an X terminal, or a PC or other system with X server software installed.

Installing Oracle Database 10 g on Linux

Purpose

In this lesson, you learn how to install Oracle Database 10 g on Linux.

Topics

This lesson covers the following topics:

	Overview
	Prerequisites
	Installing Oracle Database 10 g on Linux

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** ** Place the cursor on this icon to display all the screenshots in the lesson. You can also place the cursor on each individual icon in the following steps to see only the screenshot that is associated with that step. ** **

Overview

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Using the Oracle Universal Installer, you install the Oracle Database 10 g software and create a database.

Prerequisites

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Before starting this lesson, you should have:

** 1. ** |

Completed the Configuring Linux for the Installation of Oracle Database 10 g lesson.

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Installing Oracle Database 10 g on Linux

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To install the Oracle software, you must use the GUI installer.

** 1. ** |

Log in to the Linux box as user ** oracle ** and mount the Oracle Database 10 g CD. Change directory to the CD and execute the script ** /mnt/cdrom/runInstaller ** from your home directory:

**/mnt/cdrom/runInstaller**

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** 2. ** |

At the Welcome window, click Next .

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** 3. ** |

You need to specify your Inventory directory. The location should be set to ** /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory ** . Accept the default Operating System group name, ** oinstall ** . Then click Next .

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** 4. ** |

The following window appears. Leave this window open.

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** 5. ** |

You need to execute ** orainstRoot.sh ** as the ** root ** user. Open a terminal window and enter the following commands:

**su

  1<rootpassword>
  2    cd /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory
  3    ./orainstRoot.sh
  4    exit
  5    exit**
  6
  7![Move your mouse over this icon to see the image](http://www.oracle.com/technology/obe/obe10gdb/images/view_image.gif)  
  8  
  9** 6\. ** | 
 10
 11Switch back to the Universal Installer window and click **Continue** . 
 12
 13![Move your mouse over this icon to see the image](http://www.oracle.com/technology/obe/obe10gdb/images/view_image.gif)  
 14  
 15** 7\. ** | 
 16
 17At the Specify File Locations window, change the path to ** /u01/app/oracle/product/10.1.0/db_1  ** . Then click **Next** . 
 18
 19![Move your mouse over this icon to see the image](http://www.oracle.com/technology/obe/obe10gdb/images/view_image.gif)  
 20  
 21** 8\. ** | 
 22
 23Make sure the Installation Type **Enterprise Edition** is selected and click **Next** . 
 24
 25![Move your mouse over this icon to see the image](http://www.oracle.com/technology/obe/obe10gdb/images/view_image.gif)  
 26  
 27** 9\. ** | 
 28
 29The installer now verifies that the system meets all the minimum requirements for installing and configuring the chosen product. Please correct any reported issues before continuing. When the check successfully completes, click **Next** . 
 30
 31![Move your mouse over this icon to see the image](http://www.oracle.com/technology/obe/obe10gdb/images/view_image.gif)  
 32  
 33** 10\. ** | 
 34
 35You want to create a starter database. Make sure that **Create a starter database** and **General Purpose** are both selected. Then click **Next** . 
 36
 37![Move your mouse over this icon to see the image](http://www.oracle.com/technology/obe/obe10gdb/images/view_image.gif)  
 38  
 39** 11\. ** | 
 40
 41Enter ** orcl.oracle.com  ** in the Global Database Name field, and select the **Create database with example schemas** check box. Then click **Next** . If you plan to perform any of the multilingual lessons, you should select **Unicode standard UTF-8 AL32UTF8** as the database character set. 
 42
 43![Move your mouse over this icon to see the image](http://www.oracle.com/technology/obe/obe10gdb/images/view_image.gif)  
 44  
 45** 12\. ** | 
 46
 47The Select Database Management Option window enables you to choose between Database Control or Grid Control of your database. In this example, you accept the default, which is **Database Control** . Click **Next** . 
 48
 49![Move your mouse over this icon to see the image](http://www.oracle.com/technology/obe/obe10gdb/images/view_image.gif)  
 50  
 51** 13\. ** | 
 52
 53Specify the database file location as ** /u01/app/oracle/oradata  ** and click **Next** . 
 54
 55![Move your mouse over this icon to see the image](http://www.oracle.com/technology/obe/obe10gdb/images/view_image.gif)  
 56  
 57** 14\. ** | 
 58
 59In the Specify Backup and Recovery Options window, you do not want to enable automated backups at this time. Accept the default and click **Next** . 
 60
 61![Move your mouse over this icon to see the image](http://www.oracle.com/technology/obe/obe10gdb/images/view_image.gif)  
 62  
 63** 15\. ** | 
 64
 65Enter and confirm a password for all accounts, and then click **Next** . 
 66
 67![Move your mouse over this icon to see the image](http://www.oracle.com/technology/obe/obe10gdb/images/view_image.gif)  
 68  
 69** 16\. ** | 
 70
 71Review the Summary window to verify what is to be installed. Then click **Install** . 
 72
 73![Move your mouse over this icon to see the image](http://www.oracle.com/technology/obe/obe10gdb/images/view_image.gif)  
 74  
 75** 17\. ** | 
 76
 77The progress window appears. 
 78
 79![Move your mouse over this icon to see the image](http://www.oracle.com/technology/obe/obe10gdb/images/view_image.gif)  
 80  
 81** 18\. ** | 
 82
 83The Configuration Assistants window appears. 
 84
 85![Move your mouse over this icon to see the image](http://www.oracle.com/technology/obe/obe10gdb/images/view_image.gif)  
 86  
 87** 19\. ** | 
 88
 89Your database is now being created. 
 90
 91![Move your mouse over this icon to see the image](http://www.oracle.com/technology/obe/obe10gdb/images/view_image.gif)  
 92  
 93** 20\. ** | 
 94
 95When the database is created, click **OK** . 
 96
 97![Move your mouse over this icon to see the image](http://www.oracle.com/technology/obe/obe10gdb/images/view_image.gif)  
 98  
 99** 21\. ** | 
100
101When the Setup Privileges window appears, open a new terminal window. 
102
103![Move your mouse over this icon to see the image](http://www.oracle.com/technology/obe/obe10gdb/images/view_image.gif)  
104  
105** 22\. ** | 
106
107You need to execute ** root.sh  ** as the ** root  ** user. From your terminal window, enter the following commands: 
108    
109    
110    **cd $ORACLE_BASE/product/10.1.0/db_1
111    su <rootpassword>
112    ./root.sh
113    exit
114    exit**
115
116![Move your mouse over this icon to see the image](http://www.oracle.com/technology/obe/obe10gdb/images/view_image.gif)  
117  
118** 23\. ** | 
119
120The End of Installation summary appears. The ports shown in the summary can be found in  $ORACLE_BASE/product/10.1.0/db_1/portlist.  ini  . Click **OK** . 
121
122![Move your mouse over this icon to see the image](http://www.oracle.com/technology/obe/obe10gdb/images/view_image.gif)  
123  
124** 24\. ** | 
125
126Click **Yes** to exit. 
127
128![Move your mouse over this icon to see the image](http://www.oracle.com/technology/obe/obe10gdb/images/view_image.gif)  
129  
130![](http://www.oracle.com/technology/obe/obe10gdb/images/view_image.gif) ** Place the cursor on this icon to hide all screenshots.  **</rootpassword></rootpassword>