对"一个非常难的查询问题(部门上下级的关系)"之解答的完善

这是一个CSDN老帖:

http://community.csdn.net/Expert/FAQ/FAQ_Index.asp?id=170559

我是抱着学习的心态看这个帖子的,下面把握学习结果总结一下。

楼主的问题是这样的:

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

表A:
id name
1 a
2 b
3 c
4 d
5 e

表B(id1,id2都与A表的id关联,是联合主外键):
id1 id2
1 2
2 3
2 4
3 5

这是一个部门上下级的关系,前面的是上级,后面的下级,我想得到所有部门的列表,按照级别关系写成完整的字串,结果如下:
id full_name
1 a
2 a/b
3 a/b/c
4 a/b/d
5 a/b/c/d

请问怎么写?存储过程或函数都可以,十分感谢!

---------------------------------------------------------

问题的关键是把用LEVEL关键字把层次关系搞搞清楚。

select level from table_B connect by prior id2=id1 start with id1=0;

LEVEL
----------
1
2
3
4
3

SQL> select level from table_B connect by prior id2=id1 start with id1=1;

LEVEL
----------
1
2
3
2

SQL> select level from table_B connect by prior id2=id1 start with id1=2;

LEVEL
----------
1
2
1

SQL> select level from table_B connect by prior id2=id1 start with id1=3;

LEVEL
----------
1

SQL> select level from table_B connect by prior id2=id1 start with id1=4;

LEVEL
----------

SQL> select level from table_B connect by prior id2=id1 start with id1=5;

LEVEL
----------

可以看出,LEVEL值表示id1领导下人员id2在id1集团所处的层数,被领导者紧跟在by prior后面。

select lpad(id2, level*length(id2), ' ') id,
2 ltrim(sys_connect_by_path(id2,'/'), '/') path
3 from Table_B
4 connect by prior id2=id1
5 start with id1=0
6 /

ID PATH
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 1
2 1/2
3 1/2/3
5 1/2/3/5
4 1/2/4

下面给出完整解答:

DROP TABLE Table_A;

Table dropped

SQL> create table Table_A (id number(4), name varchar2(20));

Table created

SQL> insert into Table_A values(1, 'a');

1 row inserted

SQL> insert into Table_A values(2, 'b');

1 row inserted

SQL> insert into Table_A values(3, 'c');

1 row inserted

SQL> insert into Table_A values(4, 'd');

1 row inserted

SQL> insert into Table_A values(5, 'e');

1 row inserted

SQL> commit;

Commit complete

SQL> DROP TABLE Table_B;

Table dropped

SQL> create table Table_B (id1 number(4), id2 number(4));

Table created

SQL> insert into table_B values(0,1);

1 row inserted

SQL> insert into Table_B values(1,2);

1 row inserted

SQL> insert into Table_B values(2,3);

1 row inserted

SQL> insert into Table_B values(2,4);

1 row inserted

SQL> insert into Table_B values(3,5);

1 row inserted

SQL> commit;

Commit complete

SQL> SELECT id2, ltrim( sys_connect_by_path (NAME, '/'), '/') path
2 from
3 (SELECT B.*, A.NAME
4 FROM Table_B B, Table_A A
5 WHERE B.id2=A.id)
6 connect by prior id2=id1
7 start with id1 = 0
8 ORDER BY id2
9 /

ID2 PATH
----- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 a
2 a/b
3 a/b/c
4 a/b/d
5 a/b/c/e

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